Interview with Liu Bingjiang, director of the Department of atmospheric environment of the Ministry of ecological environment

   The Ministry of ecological environment, the national development and Reform Commission and other five ministries and commissions recently jointly issued the opinions on promoting the implementation of ultra-low emission in the iron and steel industry (hereinafter referred to as the opinions).

   Although the iron and steel industry has achieved remarkable results in reducing production capacity, the pace of industrial transformation and upgrading and structural optimization and adjustment has not stopped. To this end, the reporter interviewed Liu Bingjiang, director of the Department of atmospheric environment of the Ministry of ecological environment.

   China Environment News: what is the level of the ultra-low emission limit specified in the opinions among the emission standards of the steel industry all over the world?

   Liu Bingjiang: the opinions stipulates that the hourly average emission concentrations of sintering machine head, pellet roasting flue gas particles, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides shall not be higher than 10, 35 and 50 mg / m3 respectively. In principle, other major pollution sources shall not be higher than 10, 50 and 200 mg / m3 respectively. The above emission limits are far lower than the special emission limits of the current emission standards of China's iron and steel industry, reaching the leading level of the current standards at home and abroad.

   Due to different management systems, foreign countries have not issued ultra-low emission requirements for the iron and steel industry from the national level. However, in order to meet the needs of environmental quality improvement in the region, some countries have local standards or enterprise standards that are stricter than national standards. For example, Germany's requirements for the emission limit of particulate matter are generally lower than 10 mg / m3, and POSCO of Korea requires that the emission concentration of particulate matter at the main dust producing points be controlled below 5 mg / m3. The emission concentrations of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in the steel industry in Japan, Germany and the UK are lower than the current emission standards in China.

   China Environment News: how to ensure the authenticity of enterprises meeting ultra-low emission standards, and whether there is a relevant long-term mechanism to effectively verify the follow-up emissions of enterprises meeting the standards?

   Liu Bingjiang: at the beginning of sintering machine flue gas desulfurization, there was a lot of chaos and many low-quality projects, resulting in that the desulfurization facilities could not meet the emission requirements after less than two years of operation, or the desulfurization tower was seriously corroded, so the enterprise had to dismantle and rebuild, resulting in repeated investment. In order to avoid repeating the mistakes of desulfurization and make ultra-low emissions stand the test of history, we propose to establish and improve the payment mechanism according to efficiency, and take multiple measures to control the chaos of winning the bid at a low price. Strengthen joint punishment, include environmental protection companies with poor construction quality and operation and management level of environmental protection facilities and operation and maintenance institutions with fraud in the "blacklist", include them in the national credit information sharing platform, and regularly publish them to the public through "credit China" and other websites; Relevant iron and steel enterprises shall be included in the list of local peak shifting production schemes. According to law and regulations, dishonest enterprises shall be restricted in administrative examination and approval, qualification identification, bank loans, listing and financing, government bidding, government honor evaluation, etc.

   For enterprises, up to standard emission is a legal responsibility, and ultra-low emission is an incentive orientation. Although it is said that ultra-low emission enterprises cannot meet the requirements of ultra-low emission indicators and measures and cannot be punished according to law, we can realize the daily supervision of enterprises by requiring ultra-low emission enterprises to carry out automatic monitoring, process monitoring and video monitoring, and retain monitoring records for more than 3 months to more than one year. At the same time, the competent ecological and environmental departments at and above the municipal level shall, together with relevant departments, carry out "double random" inspection on ultra-low emission enterprises. If they can not stably meet the requirements of ultra-low emission indicators, relevant preferential policies shall be cancelled according to the circumstances and notified to the society.

   China Environment News: it is said that the ultra-low emission transformation of iron and steel belongs to end treatment, and the special processes and complex processes of the iron and steel industry determine the importance of source treatment and process control. Does this opinion consider or require source treatment and process control?

   Liu Bingjiang: it is precisely in view of the long process and complex process of the iron and steel industry, and the raw fuel and process have a great impact on the final emission. Therefore, the opinions fully considers giving priority to source treatment and process control such as process transformation, gas fine desulfurization, low nitrogen combustion, flue gas circulation and unorganized emission control to reduce pollutant emission.

   Because the pollutant emission intensity of short process is far lower than that of long process, the opinions clearly encourages the transformation of blast furnace converter long process enterprises into electric furnace short process enterprises to meet the ultra-low emission requirements through process transformation and emission reduction.

   Because the gas contains a large amount of hydrogen sulfide and organic sulfur, the concentration of sulfur dioxide emitted after combustion is high. Iron and steel enterprises have more than ten or more furnaces burning gas. If terminal treatment measures are taken, a large number of desulfurization and denitration facilities need to be built. It not only wastes a lot of construction investment, but also has great difficulty in daily operation and management, but also brings a large number of desulfurization by-products. Therefore, the opinions put forward that fine desulfurization should be implemented for blast furnace gas and coke oven gas, and low nitrogen combustion technology should be adopted for blast furnace hot blast stove and steel rolling heat treatment furnace, so as to realize source control.

   China Environment News: what is the goal of ultra-low emission transformation and how to promote it?

   Liu Bingjiang: because 55% of the iron and steel production capacity is densely distributed in key areas of air pollution prevention and control such as Beijing Tianjin Hebei and its surrounding areas, the Yangtze River Delta and Fenwei plain, the Ministry of ecological environment requires to take the lead in implementing it in key areas of air pollution prevention and control, and determine the transformation tasks by regions and stages according to the general requirements of seeking progress while maintaining stability and comprehensively considering technical, economic, market and other conditions. In the process of implementation, local governments should obey the quality of time and steadily promote the transformation of ultra-low emission of iron and steel.

   The ultra-low emission transformation plan of iron and steel will be implemented in 2020 and 2025. By the end of 2020, key regions will take the lead in promoting large and medium-sized iron and steel enterprises to implement ultra-low emission transformation, with a transformation capacity of 340 million tons, accounting for about 60% of the total regional capacity. By the end of 2025, the remaining iron and steel enterprises in key areas will basically complete the transformation, with a transformation capacity of about 150 million tons. Other parts of the country have basically completed the ultra-low emission transformation of large and medium-sized iron and steel enterprises, with a transformation capacity of about 270 million tons and a cumulative completion of about 760 million tons. Coupled with factors such as capacity replacement in the iron and steel industry, the ultra-low emission of the national iron and steel industry will reach about 80% of the total capacity. At present, the Ministry of ecological environment has basically determined the implementation scale of sub regional and provincial ultra-low emission transformation. From the perspective of provinces, Hebei, Jiangsu and Shandong have the most transformation tasks.

   China Environment News: the requirements for clean transportation have been added to the ultra-low emission index of iron and steel, which is the first time in the environmental protection policy to put forward transportation requirements for specific industries. How are the opinions considered?

   Liu Bingjiang: the iron and steel industry is one of the industries with the largest cargo transportation volume. The production of 1 ton of crude steel requires five times the off-site transportation volume.